The Rolex Submariner, a legend in the watchmaking world, boasts a rich and complex history spanning decades. Understanding its production years, reference numbers, and specific variations is crucial for collectors and enthusiasts alike. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of Rolex Submariner production, focusing on key periods and highlighting significant models, including those supplied to COMEX, while addressing the specific queries regarding date references, model numbers, and price ranges.
Early Years and the Evolution of the Submariner:
The story of the Rolex Submariner begins in the late 1950s. While the exact start date is debated amongst collectors, the generally accepted beginning is around 1953 with the introduction of the reference 6204, followed closely by the reference 6205. These early Submariners were relatively simple, lacking the date complication and featuring smaller cases compared to later iterations. These early models are highly sought after today, representing the genesis of the iconic design. The evolution continued with the introduction of the reference 6538, known for its distinctive crown guards and its association with renowned explorer Jacques Cousteau. These early models laid the foundation for the features that would define the Submariner for decades to come.
The 5513 and its Significance:
The reference 5513 is arguably the most iconic and widely recognized Submariner model. Its production spanned several decades, from approximately 1962 to 1989, showcasing a remarkable longevity. This extended production run saw subtle changes in the dial, hands, and movement, making pinpointing the exact year of manufacture crucial for accurate dating. Collectors meticulously examine these details to differentiate between various sub-versions within the 5513 reference. The 5513 is particularly prized for its simplicity, robust construction, and its connection to the golden age of diving.
COMEX and the Special Submariners (from 1970 onwards):
From 1970 onwards, the French commercial diving company COMEX collaborated with Rolex, resulting in a series of special Submariner models. These watches were tailored to the demanding requirements of deep-sea diving, often featuring modifications such as helium escape valves (HEV) to prevent damage during decompression. These COMEX Submariners, frequently based on the 5513, are incredibly rare and highly sought after by collectors due to their historical significance and limited production numbers. The specific modifications and markings on these watches vary depending on the year and the specific COMEX contract. These watches represent a fascinating intersection of watchmaking and professional diving, showcasing the Submariner's adaptability and reliability in extreme conditions. Identifying a genuine COMEX Submariner requires careful examination of its unique features and provenance.
The Introduction of the Date: Reference Numbers and Model Variations:
The addition of the date complication marked a significant milestone in the Submariner's evolution. The reference 1680, introduced in the late 1960s, was the first Submariner to incorporate a date function. This model, often referred to as the "maxi-dial" due to its larger date window, became immensely popular. Subsequent references, such as the 16610, 16610LV ("Hulk"), and 16613 (two-tone), built upon this design, incorporating various refinements and aesthetic changes. Each reference number represents a specific iteration of the Submariner, with subtle variations in case size, movement, bezel, and dial details.
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